How do tagged template literals work mechanically, and how do libraries like styled-components, graphql-tag, and SQL sanitizers exploit them to build safe embedded DSLs?

Imagine you have a magic coloring book where you can draw with special crayons that automatically fix your mistakes. Tagged template literals are like those crayons—they let you write code inside a string, and a special helper function can check and clean it up before it's used, keeping everything safe and pretty.