What are the runtime performance costs of CSS-in-JS libraries like styled-components, and how do zero-runtime alternatives like Linaria or vanilla-extract change the trade-off?

Imagine you have a coloring book where you decide the colors as you color, but it takes a little longer. CSS-in-JS is like that—it decides styles while the page is loading, which can slow things down. Zero-runtime CSS-in-JS is like picking colors before you start, so coloring is faster.